Tire Size Insights for the 2017 Chevy 2500 Explained
Intro
Understanding tire size is critical for 2017 Chevy 2500 owners. This knowledge affects performance, safety, and overall driving experience. A well-chosen tire size can enhance the truck's capabilities and longevity. This article provides a detailed analysis of tire size considerations specific to the Chevy 2500. By the end, readers will grasp essential details about dimensions, variations, and maintenance tips.
Vehicle Review and Assessment
Overview of Specifications
The 2017 Chevy 2500 offers several tire size options. Most commonly, it uses 275/70R18 tires. However, depending on the trim and packages, variations such as 245/75R17 or LT275/65R20 may also be available. Understanding these specifications can help owners make informed decisions when replacing tires or upgrading for better performance.
Performance Metrics
Tire size plays a large role in handling and traction. Wider tires often provide improved grip. However, they may affect ride comfort and fuel economy. A tire's aspect ratio, which defines the height of the sidewall relative to width, also influences performance. Lower profiles may enhance responsiveness but could result in a harsher ride.
Interior Features and Comfort
While tire size may seem unrelated to comfort, it can affect how the truck absorbs bumps. Tires with larger sidewalls offer a softer ride, while low-profile tires transmit more road feedback to the cabin. Choosing the right size contributes to an optimal balance between comfort and handling.
Safety Ratings and Features
Safety is paramount for any vehicle. The proper tire size contributes to stability and braking performance. Using tires that fit the manufacturer's specifications ensures that safety features, like ABS, function effectively. Always check the tire specifications in the ownerโs manual to maintain best safety practices.
Fuel Efficiency and Environmental Impact
Larger tires may increase rolling resistance, affecting fuel efficiency. While wider tires can enhance traction, they often come at a cost to MPG. Owners must weigh their driving needs against potential environmental impacts. Selecting the right tire size is crucial for maintaining a balance between performance and efficiency.
Test Drive Experience
Driving Dynamics and Handling
Driving a Chevy 2500 with the correct tire size allows for better control during various driving conditions. An excellently matched size enhances steering feedback and stability. Conversely, mismatched tires can lead to unpredictable handling, especially under load.
Comfort and Ergonomics
As mentioned before, tire size impacts comfort. A suitably sized tire absorbs road imperfections better, leading to a smoother experience. It is essential to consider comfort along with handling while maintaining a focus on overall ergonomics.
Noise and Vibration Levels
Tire characteristics also impact noise levels inside the cabin. Larger, aggressive tread patterns tend to create more road noise. Owners should consider this aspect when selecting tire size, especially for long-haul driving.
Performance in Varying Conditions
Choosing the right tire size helps ensure performance across different conditions. For instance, winter tires may vary significantly in size and tread design compared to all-season rubber. Understanding these differences helps owners make suitable choices for safety and performance.
Real-world Usability
The 2017 Chevy 2500 is designed for a mix of work and recreation. Tire size choices should reflect an ownerโs real-world usage, whether it's towing, off-roading, or daily driving. Performance metrics can vary widely between different tire sizes, influencing how well the vehicle serves these distinct purposes.
Comparison against Similar Models
Side-by-Side Specification Comparison
Examining specifications against competitors is helpful. The truck's tire sizes must be assessed alongside similarly classed vehicles. This comparison provides insight into potential strengths or weaknesses, affecting purchasing decisions.
Pricing Analysis and Available Packages
Tire replacement costs can vary significantly depending on size and type. Owners must assess available packages to understand current pricing trends, which will help budget appropriately for future needs.
Unique Selling Points of Each Model
Different trucks may offer unique features tied to their tire sizes. Owners should be aware of how these features can impact overall performance or comfort. Each tire size change presents an opportunity to better understand the competitive advantages.
Customer Perception and Brand Loyalty
Brand loyalty is influenced by how well a vehicle performs over time. Tire performance directly affects this metric, as ownersโ experiences shape their views on future purchases. Positive engagements with tires encourage loyalty towards a specific brand.
Resale Value Projections
An often overlooked factor is how tire size impacts resale value. Vehicles that are equipped with the right tire sizes tend to hold their market value better, as owners remain aware of potential performance issues tied to mismatched tires.
Automotive Technology Trends
Current Innovations and Features
The automotive industry continually evolves, and tire technology is no exception. Innovations could include improved materials for better durability. Understanding these trends aids in keeping the vehicle competitive.
Impact of Technology on Driving Experience
As technology plays an increased role in the driving experience, it capsizes performance metrics related to tires. For instance, monitoring tire pressure can directly influence efficiencies and safety.
Future Trends in Automotive Tech
Manufacturers constantly develop new technologies related to tires, such as self-sealing capabilities and advanced tread designs. Owners should observe these advancements that promise improved safety and performance.
Case Studies on Technology Implementation
Looking at case studies can help illuminate how new technologies affect tire performance. Understanding these implementations can assist owners in making informed decisions during tire selection.
Consumer Reaction to Tech Advancements
Consumer response to tire technology advancements is essential. Knowing how fellow buyers perceive certain tire technologies aids in guiding purchases. Staying aware of these reactions enhances overall decision-making.
Car Maintenance Tips
Essential Maintenance Checklists
Routine maintenance is necessary for tire health. Owners should keep track of tire rotation, pressure checks, and visual inspections to ensure longevity.
DIY Maintenance Guides for Owners
There are simple DIY tasks that owners can perform, such as checking tire pressure and tread depth. Knowing how to do these tasks can prevent costly replacements later on.
Recommended Service Intervals
Adhering to service intervals for tire checks ensures they stay in optimal condition. Regular appointments will maintain the vehicle's driveability and safety metrics.
Common Issues and Solutions for Specific Models
Being aware of common tire issues helps owners quickly address them before turn into larger problems. Tire wear patterns can signal underlying issues with alignment or vehicle loading.
Understanding tire specifications greatly enhances the driving experience. Proper size selection directly correlates with performance, safety, and comfort.
Overview of the Chevy
The 2017 Chevy 2500 is a robust and capable truck designed to meet a variety of demands. Whether for work or leisure, this vehicle offers a blend of performance, comfort, and versatility. This section serves as a primer for understanding the significance of the Chevy 2500's specifications, especially regarding tire size. Proper tire selection is critical, influencing overall performance, safety, and longevity of the vehicle. With the Chevy 2500 being a popular choice for both personal and commercial use, comprehending its features can greatly enhance user experience.
Prelude to Chevy Series
The Chevy 2500 series represents a segment of heavy-duty trucks tailored for those requiring increased capacity and durability. This model is well-regarded for its powerful engine options and impressive towing capabilities. As part of the Silverado lineup, the 2500 combines strength with a range of modern technological features. Such attributes appeal to a wide range of buyers, from construction workers to families needing a reliable vehicle. Understanding its capabilities helps identify how tire specifications complement its performance.
Key Specifications
A detailed appreciation of the 2017 Chevy 2500 necessitates a look at its key specifications. This model features:
- Engine Options: Available with a Vortex V8 or a Duramax Turbo-Diesel V8.
- Towing Capacity: Can tow up to 18,100 pounds when properly equipped.
- Payload Capacity: Holds a maximum payload of 3,534 pounds.
- Fuel Economy: Offers decent mileage for a heavy-duty truck, with estimated ratings of 12-15 mpg in the city and 17-20 mpg on the highway, depending on the engine.
- Cab Configurations: Available in Regular, Double, and Crew Cab along with various bed lengths.
With such specifications, the Chevy 2500 requires thoughtful consideration of tire sizes. The right tires can dramatically affect how these capabilities are realized. Whether one prioritizes off-road performance or on-road comfort, understanding tire metrics allows owners to maximize their vehicleโs potential.
Importance of Tire Size
Tire size plays a crucial role in the overall performance and safety of the 2017 Chevy 2500. The correct tire size ensures optimal handling, improved fuel efficiency, and contributes to the vehicleโs overall stability. There is a significant relationship between tire size, the vehicleโs weight distribution, and how it responds to various driving conditions, which affects both performance and safety.
Impact on Vehicle Performance
The tire size directly influences the 2017 Chevy 2500's performance metrics. Larger tires can enhance traction, allowing for better acceleration and cornering, especially on rugged terrains. However, it is essential to consider that upsizing tires might also lead to a decrease in fuel efficiency. Each size serves different purposes and preferences. For example, stock sizes are typically better for everyday driving and offer a balance between performance and economy.
Tire size affects how the Chevy 2500 handles various conditions. Off-road enthusiasts may prefer larger tires designed for rough terrain, while regular drivers may want a size that optimizes ride comfort and efficiency.
Some critical aspects influencing performance due to tire size include:
- Traction: Larger tires provide increased contact area, enhancing grip on various surfaces.
- Speedometer Accuracy: Changing tire size can alter the speedometer's reading, potentially leading to inaccuracies.
- Mileage: Larger tires can result in higher rotational resistance, affecting overall mileage.
Effects on Safety and Handling
The safety of the 2017 Chevy 2500 depends significantly on tire size. Properly sized tires ensure balance and stability during maneuvers, helping to maintain control in emergency situations. The right tire size minimizes the risk of blowouts and uneven wear, contributing to a safer driving experience.
Tire size also affects the handling characteristics of the vehicle. For instance, smaller tires can enhance maneuverability, while oversized ones may lead to sluggish responses. This can be particularly noticeable when driving at high speeds or during sudden lane changes.
Key safety considerations influenced by tire size involve:
- Braking Distance: Incorrect tire sizes can increase braking distances, affecting overall stopping power.
- Roll Stability: Wider tires can improve roll stability, reducing the chance of overturning in sharp turns.
- Predictability in Handling: Consistent tire sizes across the axles contribute to predictable handling characteristics.
Ensuring the right tire size enhances not just performance but also contributes significantly to overall safety.
Standard Tire Sizes for Chevy
Understanding the standard tire sizes for the 2017 Chevy 2500 is essential for anyone who owns or is considering purchasing this vehicle. The right tire size plays a crucial role in ensuring optimal performance, safety, and comfort while driving. Tires are a vehicle's only point of contact with the road, which emphasizes the significance of selecting the correct size to maintain stability and performance.
Identifying Standard Sizes
The standard tire sizes for the 2017 Chevy 2500 primarily vary based on the trim level and options selected. It typically comes with sizes like 275/70R18 and 275/65R20. To identify the correct size, one should refer to the vehicleโs door jamb sticker or the ownerโs manual. These sources provide not just the size but also the recommended tire specifications including load index and speed rating.
- 275/70R18: This size is a common choice for the standard models, providing a balanced performance between comfort and utility.
- 275/65R20: A larger size available in higher trims, offering a more robust appearance and improved handling, especially under heavier loads.
It's important to recognize that different tire brands may have slight variations in actual size, even when labeled the same. Therefore, sticking to the manufacturer recommendations is wise.
Comparative Analysis of Sizes
When comparing the standard sizes, each offers unique advantages and potential drawbacks for the 2017 Chevy 2500 owners.
- Performance: The 275/70R18 size tends to deliver a comfortable ride with adequate traction on various surfaces. In contrast, the 275/65R20 size may provide better handling and cornering stability, especially in adverse weather conditions.
- Aesthetics: The larger tire size can enhance the visual appeal of the truck, giving it a more aggressive stance. This aspect can be a consideration for some owners who value appearance as equally as performance.
- Fuel Efficiency: Smaller tires often promote better fuel efficiency. However, the difference in size may not always have a significant impact on fuel consumption. For instance, while the 275/70R18 may offer marginally better efficiency, the heavier load capacity of the larger 275/65R20 could offset potential gains in efficiency.
Understanding the distinction between these tire sizes is vital in making an informed decision that aligns with each driver's unique needs and driving style.
In making a choice, one should weigh these elements carefully. Each driver needs to consider their driving habits, typical road conditions, and load requirements to determine which standard size best suits their needs.
Alternate Tire Size Options
When it comes to maintaining the performance and functionality of the 2017 Chevy 2500, understanding alternate tire size options is essential. This section delves into the potential benefits of upsizing and downsizing tires, offering insights that are particularly relevant for car enthusiasts and potential buyers. Choosing the right tire size can influence various aspects of vehicle performance, including handling, fuel efficiency, and overall comfort.
Upsizing Tires
Upsizing tires on a 2017 Chevy 2500 can provide several advantages. It often leads to improved traction and stability, especially in off-road or uneven conditions. Larger tires have a wider footprint, which can enhance grip and handling. Additionally, upsized tires may contribute to a more aggressive appearance, appealing to those wanting to customize their trucks.
However, upsizing is not without its considerations. It is crucial to ensure that the new tire size does not exceed the vehicle's specifications, which could lead to compatibility issues with various components. Upsizing can also affect the speedometer accuracy, fuel economy, and suspension performance. It is advisable to consult a professional before making such a decision.
Downsizing Tires
On the other hand, downsizing tires can also have distinct advantages. Smaller tires tend to be lighter, which can lead to improved acceleration and braking performance. Additionally, they may enhance fuel efficiency, a significant factor for many drivers. Reduced rolling resistance due to smaller tires can contribute to better gas mileage.
Nonetheless, downsizing can compromise off-road capabilities and may lead to decreased traction in challenging conditions. Furthermore, the vehicle's handling may feel different, and there is a risk that smaller tires might not adequately support the vehicle's load capacity.
Before making changes to tire size, it is vital to conduct thorough research and consider all implications.
When considering either upsizing or downsizing, it's crucial to reflect on your specific driving conditions and requirements. Not all sizes will suit every driver, so thoughtful consideration is needed to maintain the balance between aesthetics and functionality.
Factors Influencing Tire Selection
Choosing the right tires for the 2017 Chevy 2500 is not merely about finding any option that fits. Several important factors come into play to ensure optimal performance, safety, and even longevity of the tires. Tire selection impacts various aspects of the driving experience, highlighting the need for a nuanced understanding of choices available.
Driving Conditions and Environments
The type of driving conditions the Chevy 2500 will face is critical in determining tire selection. For example, if the vehicle is often driven in rugged terrain or off-road settings, tires designed for all-terrain or mud may be preferable. These tires generally offer deeper treads, which can better manage loose surfaces.
In contrast, if the primary use of the Chevy 2500 involves highway driving or in a city environment, tires designed for on-road performance may better suit the application. These tires typically have smoother treads, which allow for better fuel efficiency and a quieter ride, enhancing comfort during long commutes.
It's also important to consider seasonal changes. In regions that experience snow or heavy rain, all-season or winter tires provide traction that is necessary for safe driving. Adapting tire choices to seasonal conditions can significantly affect vehicle handling and driver safety.
Load Capacity and Weight Distribution
The weight capacity of tires is another factor that cannot be overlooked. The Chevy 2500 is often used for hauling and towing, leading to potential overloading of tires if they are not appropriately rated. Each tire varies in its load-carrying capabilities, and selecting tires that can adequately support the truck's load is paramount.
Understanding the distribution of weight across the vehicle can also influence tire selection. For instance, if a truck is loaded unevenly, it may experience different wear patterns on its tires. This uneven wear can lead to premature tire failure and reduced safety. Therefore, it is crucial to select tires that can handle the specific load distribution of the Chevy 2500, particularly if used frequently for heavy towing or off-road work.
Tire selection is not about fitting tires; it is about optimizing vehicle performance and safety through informed choices.
In summary, effective tire selection for the 2017 Chevy 2500 hinges on awareness of the driving conditions, seasonal environments, and the load capacity of the tires. Identifying these factors leads to more informed decisions that can maximize the performance and safety of the vehicle.
Tire Maintenance Recommendations
Tire maintenance is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and safety of the 2017 Chevy 2500. Proper maintenance can prolong tire life, improve handling, and maximize fuel efficiency. Therefore, owners should implement a systematic approach to tire care, focusing on three key areas: regular inspections, proper inflation techniques, and tread depth monitoring.
Regular Inspections
Conducting regular inspections of the tires is imperative. A visual check allows owners to identify common issues such as cracks, bulges, or foreign objects embedded in the tread. Checking tire alignment and balancing is also essential, as misalignment can lead to uneven wear and decreased performance.
- Inspect for visible damage.
- Check for debris or stones in the tread.
- Look for signs of uneven wear across all tires.
These checks can help detect problems early, which is typically easier and less costly to fix. Additionally, a well-maintained tire will perform better in various driving conditions.
Proper Inflation Techniques
Tire pressure plays a significant role in vehicle safety and performance. Under-inflated tires can increase rolling resistance, decreasing fuel efficiency and accelerating wear. Conversely, over-inflated tires can lead to a harsh ride and reduced traction.
- Check the recommended tire pressure in the ownerโs manual.
- Use a reliable pressure gauge for accurate readings.
- Inflate tires to the recommended pressure when cold.
Regularly monitoring tire pressure is a simple yet effective way to maintain tire health. It is advisable to check tire pressure at least once a month and before long trips.
Tread Depth Monitoring
Tread depth is a critical factor affecting traction and stopping distance. Tires with insufficient tread depth can significantly compromise safety, especially in wet conditions. Many states have laws regarding minimum tread depth.
- Use the penny test to measure tread depth: insert a penny into the tread groove; if you can see all of Lincolnโs head, itโs time to replace the tire.
- Invest in a tread depth gauge for more accurate measurements.
Regularly monitoring tread depth can prevent accidents and improve overall vehicle handling. This simple test should be part of the routine tire maintenance checks for every owner.
In sum, maintaining properly inflated, well-inspected, and adequately treaded tires is crucial for the 2017 Chevy 2500. Adopting these practices can enhance safety and performance, making for a better driving experience.
Tire Brands Compatible with Chevy
Tire brands play a critical role in maintaining the performance and safety of the 2017 Chevy 2500. Choosing the right tires can significantly affect various aspects of the driving experience, ranging from traction and stability to fuel efficiency. Understanding the available options ensures that owners can select tires that meet their unique driving needs, conditions, and budget.
When looking at tire brands, it's not just about the manufacturer name; it's also about the specifications and technology utilized in their products. Some brands focus on off-road capabilities, while others prioritize fuel efficiency or noise reduction. This variety allows owners to select the most suitable tires based on their typical use, whether it be for daily commuting, heavy hauling, or off-road adventures.
Popular Performance Brands
Several tire brands have earned their reputation due to performance and durability. Among these, Goodyear stands out for its wide selection of all-terrain and mud-terrain tires. The Goodyear Wrangler series is favored by many Chevy 2500 owners for its rugged design, which offers excellent traction.
Another notable brand is Michelin. Known for its advanced tire technology, Michelinโs LTX A/T2 is well-regarded for its smooth ride and longevity. Drivers appreciate the balance it strikes between on-road comfort and off-road capability.
Additionally, BFGoodrich presents a solid option with its All-Terrain T/A KO2 tires. This brand is often preferred by those who venture off the beaten path, as it provides superior grip on various surfaces while maintaining stability.
Affordable Options
For those looking for budget-friendly tire choices, several brands can provide good performance without breaking the bank. Falken tire offers a range of economically-priced options that still deliver solid performance under different conditions. Falken Wildpeak AT3W, for instance, is praised for its durability and traction, making it a popular choice among budget-conscious drivers.
Another affordable alternative is General Tire, particularly the Grabber HTS60, which combines performance and value. This tire is appreciated for its quiet ride and decent wet-weather traction, making it suitable for everyday use.
Lastly, Nitto tires also provide a budget-friendly option without sacrificing quality. Their Terra Grappler G2 model provides an excellent balance of on-road comfort and off-road prowess, appealing to drivers who require versatility from their tires.
Selecting the right tire brand is essential not only for performance but also for the overall safety and longevity of the vehicle.
Common Tire Issues
The discussion around tire size must also address common issues experienced by drivers. Understanding these issues is crucial for enhancing the longevity and performance of tires on the 2017 Chevy 2500. Tires can wear out over time, leading to unsafe conditions on the road. Recognizing these problems allows drivers to take preventive measures and react effectively when they occur.
Flat Tires and Repairs
Flat tires present a widespread concern among vehicle owners. On a 2017 Chevy 2500, the sheer weight and usage in demanding conditions can increase the likelihood of encountering a flat tire. These occur due to various factors such as punctures, leaks, or even manufacturing defects. Immediate action is essential when a flat tire occurs. Driving on a flat can damage the rim and lead to costly repairs.
Here are some key points regarding flat tires:
- Inspection: Regular checks can help identify signs of wear or damage, minimizing the risk of flats.
- Repair Options: Various methods exist for repairing tires, including patching, plugging, or replacing. The choice depends on the extent and type of damage.
- Emergency Kits: Having a flat tire repair kit in the truck can assist in dealing with minor problems on the go.
Having a spare tire and tools ready can make a significant difference during a breakdown.
In some cases, it may be more cost-effective to replace the tire instead of attempting a repair, especially when the damage is severe.
Uneven Wear Patterns
Uneven tire wear is another common issue that owners need to be aware of. This condition not only affects the performance of the 2017 Chevy 2500 but can also lead to dangerous driving situations. Depending on the pattern of wear, it may signify larger underlying problems such as misalignment, improper inflation, or suspension issues.
Identifying uneven wear is important for the following reasons:
- Performance Impact: Tires wear differently based on alignment and balancing. Uneven tires can lead to decreased fuel efficiency and handling.
- Safety Concerns: Tires that wear unevenly can grip the road inadequately, increasing the risk of losing control.
- Maintenance Needs: Regular rotation of tires can minimize uneven wear. Following the manufacturer's recommendations for tire rotation schedule can prevent unnecessary issues.
By monitoring for signs of uneven wear, drivers can make timely adjustments, ensuring their tires perform efficiently. Regular tire maintenance is essential to prolong tire life and enhance overall vehicle safety.
Regulatory Considerations
Understanding regulatory considerations is crucial for optimizing the performance and safety of the 2017 Chevy 2500. Regulations ensure that the tires used conform to specific safety and performance standards, minimizing risks of accidents and enhancing vehicle functionality. Following these guidelines not only supports driver safety but also maintains compliance with legal requirements in various jurisdictions.
DOT Regulations for Tire Sizes
The Department of Transportation (DOT) has established regulations that govern tire sizes for vehicles. These regulations are designed to safeguard users, ensuring that the tires can handle the weight and performance demands placed on them. For the 2017 Chevy 2500, compliance with these regulations is key, as using tires that do not meet DOT standards can result in serious safety hazards.
- Identification Numbers: Each tire must have a DOT identification number that indicates its compliance with federal regulations.
- Load Ratings: These specifications outline the maximum load the tire can safely carry, which is critical for a heavy-duty truck like the Chevy 2500.
- Tread Life Standards: DOT sets minimum standards for tread depth and wear, which affect traction and overall safety.
Adhering to these regulations helps ensure that all vehicles operate effectively, reducing the likelihood of blowouts or other tire-related issues. It is advisable to check the DOT registration on any tires being considered for the Chevy 2500, ensuring compliance and peace of mind.
State-Specific Laws
In addition to federal regulations, individual states may have their own laws that pertain to tire sizes and conditions. Understanding these state-specific laws is vital for maintaining compliance and avoiding potential penalties. Some common aspects include:
- Inspections: Certain states require regular inspections of tires, focusing on tread depth, wear patterns, and overall condition.
- Size Alterations: States may have restrictions on altering tire sizes from factory specifications, which can impact warranty and insurance coverage.
- Environmental Regulations: Some areas enforce rules regarding the disposal of old tires, influencing how replacements are managed.
Considering these laws can help owners of the 2017 Chevy 2500 avoid fines or complications during routine checks. It is recommended to consult with local authorities or resources such as Wikipedia for detailed regulations based on location. Staying informed protects drivers and ensures their vehicles perform within the legal framework.
The End
Summary of Key Insights
Throughout this article, several key insights emerge regarding tire size selection for the 2017 Chevy 2500. Firstly, standard tire sizes provide a baseline for performance and safety. The factory specifications are designed to match the vehicle's suspension geometry, load capacity, and intended use. Secondly, understanding alternate tire size options allows owners to customize their vehicles to better suit specific conditions, such as off-roading or heavy towing.
Moreover, tire selection must factor in driving conditions, including terrain and climate, as these elements will dictate the types of tires that best fit the Chevy 2500. Lastly, regular maintenance is crucial; tire inspections, proper inflation, and tread depth monitoring will prolong tire life and improve overall driving experience.
Recommendations for Owners
For owners of the 2017 Chevy 2500, it is recommended to regularly consult the ownerโs manual for precise tire specifications. Following these guidelines can enhance performance and safety. Here are some additional recommendations:
- Inspect tires regularly: Look for signs of wear and abnormal patterns.
- Maintain proper inflation: Check tire pressure monthly and adjust as needed to ensure optimal performance.
- Choose tires wisely: When selecting aftermarket options, consider factors like load capacity and driving environment.
- Stay informed about regulations: Keep abreast of tire-related laws to ensure compliance, as this can affect vehicle performance as well.
By prioritizing tire size and maintenance, owners can ensure that they maximize the capabilities of their 2017 Chevy 2500 while also enhancing safety on the road.
